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o. B. YOUNG.

FORM FOR CONCRETE TRUSSES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYT. me.

1,314,725. Pater il ted'Sept. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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IE coLtmmA PLANOunAPIl cm, WASHINGTON, D. c.

0. B. YOUNG.

FORM FOR CONCRETE TRUSSES.'

APPLICATION FILED MAYI. 191a.

Patented Sept. 2, 1919. l l 6 z 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2-- Fig. 1 is shown at These radial members of a jolnt asshownyin Fig. l havethe upon the desired .cross section of the concrete member to be formed therein. As will be readily understood, the form in section of concrete member may be of anydesiredtype, the arms of the joints and the connecting members therefor being of a shape to produce the required cross section of concrete.

In the type of joint shown in Fig. 1 the members 1 and 2 are adapted to form part of one of the cord members of a truss while the parts 3, 4 and 5 form a part of the perpen dicular and diagonal web members extending between the upper and lower cord" members. This will bereadily understood from examination of Fig. 16 where the joint of pivotal ends thereof shaped to form a semiclrcular basin from which the several cord and web members extend and to. form the.

V basin .ea'chradial arm of the joint terminates in a comparatively fiat portion '8 over lapped by the similar flat portion 9101" instance of another member, and these several flat portions of the rradial members form abottom on which the concrete may be placed. The. radial arms. are further provided with theflangeinembers 10 and 10, etc., that also overlap as is shown in cross section in Fig. 5 forming a receptacle of a depth equal to or greater thanzthat, of the radial arms providing a retainer for theconcrete. It is further noted that these several arms being pivotedlyronnect'ed ,at 6 X allow the arms to be change'din relative angular relation. Thus the form-fora joint is adaptedfor the formation of forms for trusses in which distances vary between the the joints A and B. If these joint :forms are to be used for the formation ofa truss having a greater distance between the cord upper and lower-cord members or distances vary between the Vertical web members of the different joints or both. This will be understood for instanse in Fig. 16 in which the horizontal cord members 12 and 13 are a certain distance apart and the diagonal.

member 14 occupies a certain angle with members-12 andl3, and with the same distance between the vertical web. members 15 ,and 16, the anglebet-weenthe diagonal members 14 and 16 and 14 and 12'willalter and this is accomplished by reason of the pivotal. relation'of the arms of the joint'members.

It is further. to benoted thatthe edges for" the trough shaped portions of the radial 1 arms shown at 17 are;'ro1led to torma stifl rl edg and prevent bending or distortion of the edge in use.

The joint members may be of various types as is required inthe construction of 1 trusses of various types. ,For 1nstance,.the

joint shown in Fig.3 isindicatedin use in Fig.:16 at'C, and the type of jointshown in Fig.4 is indicated in use at D in Fig. 17

rious angles.

through.

and another character of joint is shown at B and at E in Fig. 16. In each of. the forms or'inoldsfor the joints of the'truss, the

m'embers thereof are in pivotal relation to enable the an'gle's of the radial armsto be varied to suit either'thecharacter of truss or adjusted to the required angles. This pivotal relationship of the arms of a joint form may be. secured in various ways. For vinstance instead of utlllzing a central bolt as shown in Fig. 5, the semi-circular flanges of the several arms maybe turned 'oneover another as-indicated in Fig. 6. The rolled edges allow the arms to turn'to assume va- TWo. typeset truss are shown inFigs/IG and 17 respectively and any type of truss" V requiring cord and web membersmay be formed with themolds heredescribed or Variations thereof within the spirit of-the g5 invention, and several typesiof oints are here shown for the purpose of illustrating Rtheadaptability of the-invention, to fulfill the various requirements. Forinstance, the

joint shown at C inFig. lfimay be formed .7 '7 vby the device shown in detail more clearly a in Fig. 3. It is to be notedthat this device has two diametrically oppositely disposed legs 30 and 31 which are attached tothe ,same plate 32 and these legs areprovided ..with,the semi-circular flanges 33 connecting with the; side members of each arm, and the flangesv are spaced apart opposite the other arms34 and 35 and. the flanges 33 are engagedbythe flanges 36 of the legs 34 and 35 respectively so that at the center a substan tially circular receptacle is formed from V which extend the members30, 31, 34 and 35. v -The plates of the two sets of armsjare pivot- V ally connected preferably by the bolt 37 and the angular relationship may be varied from i and 42 respectively overlapping as indicated. I

and having the overlapping side flanges 43."- In the type of joint shown in Fig. l and .Fig. 4 there is aspace 44 between the adjacentsends in the outer side flanges of the arms allowing thearms to beturned back- '120 ward to a certain extent on the pivot. In 1 "case the arms occupy the position shown in the drawing when built into truss form shown for instance in Figs. 16 and 17, this 7 space may be closedin-any suitable manner as by a metal plate placed therein to prevent the semi-fluid concrete filling to flow'there- The connecting members 7 utilized; between the radial arms of the joints, shown in 'detailin Figs. 8 and 9, has the curved side members 46 which engage over the rim ll in Fig. 10, preferably in telescopic relation with the flanges of the arms, although such telescopic construction is not absolutely necessary. In order to ,change the length of forms for-truss members. the connecting members? may be madeof Vtlrious lengths and may also be positioned to overlap the joint members to a greater or less extent.

If the forms used are ,of the ,open type shown in Figs. 1, 3 and ithey are built up in the specific relation required by the proposed truss on a .flat platform or surface preferably as nearly level as is possible, the joints being positioned the requireddistance apart and the arms of the joints connected by the members shown in detail in Fig. 8 andas indicated at 12, 13, 14 and 15. in Fig.

16. After the members have been assembled .;in the required relation .as shown in said Fig. 16, the reinforcing metal is placed in position in the forms in the required .relationship and the concrete then poured. With the open type. of form used the face of the mold may be struckoif by a wooden Or metal plate so that .the surfacelissubstanti ally nniform in character and the concrete is allowed to harden: in the forms. After hardening the forms are removed and the completed truss may. be set in place [by proper tackle for handling the same @1161 -as is used for handling steel and wooden truss members in present building and bridgeconstruction- In. the event that it is desired to casta trussin. place all the molds should be provided with a cover of some character such as is indicated in Fig. 11 preferably in hinged relation. That'is, each arm of the joint should be provided with a hinged cover ,andeach member 7 would be likewise provided with a similar cover and the forms erected and supported in place. By having the members covered as shown the concrete may be poured while the forms are in place and subsequent to the curing thereof the forms may be removed and thus the truss-built in final position.

Various types of trusses may be madeas is suggested in Figs- 16 and 17. In Fig. 17, for instance, the yertical web members and upper cord are the only concrete members of the truss, the other "members as s, t, u and if being formed byrnctal rods or bars and for use with such bars the flanges of the joint members, for instance as indicated in 15, should beprovided with a slot or notch through which the metal rod may, extend as indicated at joint D in Fig. 17 and be embedded in the concrete at the joint and connected with the reinforcing members of the concrete portion of the truss as maybe desired. The notch 50 m the flange of one leg of the joint registers .to receive the rods passing through the ends of these vertical web members. The

slots or notches facilitate the insertion of the rods in the forms when used ,to make a truss havlng metal tens on members lying outside of the concrete members. The forms have the side flanges positioned at a slight angle to each other to facilitate removal from h the finished structure.

lNhilel havedescribed the forms ashe mgpartwularly of use, in the making of' concrete trusses, it is evident thatrthe forms may be. used for other concrete structures as, for instance, in concrete boat construction in which vertical or horizontal rib members are connected with diagonal rib incmbers after the general form of a truss, and such rib. members are also found in concrete building construction. In fact the forms may be used wherever structures similar to that of a truss is to be made.

Two methods of using these forms in the construction of concrete trusses may be followed: First, theforms. may be assembled on a platform in another position and location than that which the ,truss is intended to occupy in the completed structure. After the concrete has ,set and the forms are removed from same the truss may be carried to and erected in its permanent location. This is known as precast construction and is especially adapted .totrusses of short spans such as 2-0 or 25 ft; The accompanying drawings are made with this idea in mind. Thus assembled forms for trusses are shown in plan view with top of form open to receive concrete and except in Fig. .11 this be struck level with a board or straigl ltedge.

The second method of using these forms in the construction of a concrete truss is the placing of forms so that when truss is poured same will occupy its permanent position and when concrete has set the forms will be removed from same and truss will remain in its permanent location; .lVhile the drawings are made to show forms for precast ctm'cretc, trus'ses a mentionedabove they are also intended for use in connection with concrete trusses poured in place. this case a retainer will be needed on ,the face of the formshown asopenin the drawings, to retain the fluid. concrete when poured. A's-uggestion to meet this condition is shown in Fig. 11 whereby a lid ,or cover as forms are filled with concrete.

is shown attached to the form by a hinge. Said cover may be made in several sections to each portion of form to which it is at tached so that the concrete may be poured into the truss by stages and covers closed From the foregoing description it is evident that by making the form of metal of several pivoted parts for the joints and the connecting parts 7 extending between the arms of the several'ijoints as indicated, a truss of a great variety of sizesmay be made with the same forms where the same cross section of cord or web member is possible, and'that' by the use of formsof the character described the truss may be made and then erected subsequent to the manufacture thereof, may be made in the position to be permanently occupied thereby, and further by reason of the adjustability of the joints and of the 'connectionmembers, which may be made of various lengths, as'may be requiredthat the crete truss or the'like consisting of a plurality' of radially positioned members having a shape in cross sectionto produce the desired cross section of concrete,the said mem-' bers being adjustable about a center and having overlapping sides or flanges near the inner ends adapted to form a central 'concrete mass (Jo-extensive with that formed by the members. 1

2. A form for making the joint of a concrete truss or the like consisting of a plurality of members having-a shape in cross section adapted to produce the desired cross section of concrete to be poured'therein, the members being in radlal relatlon ELHd'PlVOted together at the inner end s-to allow adjustment of the angle between the said members, the said members beingshaped adjacent the inner ends to provide a substantially semi circular receptacle, formed by overlapping extensions of thebottom of the members, overlapping arcuate side flanges coextensive with the side flanges of the body I thereof.

j V 'rality of trough like members pivotally con 3. A forinfor making the joint of a con crete truss or the like consisting of a plunected in radial relation, the sides of the said members being arcuate in form and overlapping near the inner ends. l

4. Forms for the manufacture of a concrete truss consisting of a series of adjustable forms adapted to be positioned in the relation required to form-the'various; members of a truss, thesaid forms consistingof a series of forms for making the joints of the truss and a SQI'IBS, of 'forms connecting the members of said joint forms, the joint forms consisting of a Series of members'in radial relation adjustableabouta center to allow variation in angle between the members, the number of which corresponds to the number-of. cord and web members of the truss to be formed uniting at that point andthe said connecting members being similar 1n shapeto the body of said joint'members to produce cord and Web members of the desired cross section.

5. A form for making the joint of a concrete truss conslstlng of a series of radially positioned open trough like members so C011". nected as to be adjustable to vary the, angle between the several members, the side flanges of each member terminating near the inner end in arcuate portions'overlapping' similar portions of contiguous members. 7

' 6. A series of forms for the manufacture of a truss composed of concrete compression members and metal tension members, consisting of a series of forms for making the joints ofconcrete members, the joint forms havingcondu-it like arms adjustable in radial relation, the sideportions of the arms terminating near the center in arcuate por-' tions overlappingsimilar portions of the adjacent arm, the said arcuate portions bemg notched to receive the metal tension members, and extensions for the said arms to form th'e'concrete cord and web members, the said extensions alsobemg notched to'receive the metal tension members whereby the same may be embedded in the concrete compression members. I r v 7. Forms for the manufactureof concrete trusses or the like consisting of a series of forms for making, the joints,the said joint forms consisting of a number of radially positioned members adjustable to allow'variation in the angle therebetween, the said members being trough like in form with side flanges, the said -side flanges terminating in arcuate portions near the inner end' in' overlapping; relation with arcuate por-i;

tionsof an adjacent member, and a series of connecting members extending between and in telescopic relation with similar arms of differentjointforms. 11

8. An adjustable form forthe manufacture' of concrete trusses consisting, of a series of joint forms having a shape invcross section correspondingto the shape of con crete members to be formed thereby, the said i members being in pivotal relation to allow an adjustment of the angle between theseveral membersof the form and being shaped at the innerends to form a concrete mass at the junction of the members, the members of one joint being connected with the meme bers of another joint by a detachable member of a character to allow variation in the distance between the joints whereby cord or Web members of various lengths may be made, the said several members of the forms being adapted to be assembled in relation to form the desired complete truss.

9. In a form for making a concrete truss, a plurality of radially positioned members shaped to receive plastic material and adjustable in angular relation.

10. Forms for casting a concrete truss consisting of a series of jointmembers having arms in radial relation and angularly adjustable, and a series of members for connecting the respective arms of the several wGopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the joints, the arms and the connecting memmers being of a character to receive and hold the plastic material substantially as described.

11. Forms for casting a concrete truss con sisting of a series of joint members having arms in radial relation and angularly adjustable, and a series of connecting members in telescopic relation with the respective arms of the several joints to allow adjustment therebetween, the arms and the connecting members being of a character to receive and hold the plastic material substantially as de-- scribed.

OLIVER B. YOUNG.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

